Fluid pumps



May 31, 1960 o. E. ROSAEN FLUID PUMPS 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed April 25, 1955 INVENTOR.

OSCAR EROSA EN ATTORNEYS May 31, 1960 o. E. ROSAEN FLUID PUMPS 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR.

OSCAR EROSAEN BY MM Filed April 25, 1955 ATTORNEYS P tseto FLUID PUMPS Oscar E. Rosaen, CrossePoint'e, Mich. (24100 Harper Ave., St. Clair Shores, Mich.)

'FiledAp'r. 25,1955, se'r. No. 563,690 1 Claim. (Clams-#135 The present invention relates to fluid pumps of the vane type and more specifically to vane control for such pumps.

Among the objects of the invention is to provide means by which the outlet fluid pressureis applied "to force the vanes outwardly and at the same time to provide means for balancing the greater part of such pressure.

Another object is to provide means for positively sealing the vane ends during intake.

Still another object is to provide means for controlling Figure 6 is a section of the rotor on line 66 of Figure 2.

tr ll' igure 7 is a view in elevationof the fluid -inlet con- Figure 8 is a view like Figure 7 but of a modification.

In Figure 1 of the drawings the pump is shown as comprising a two part housing, one of which, A, is provided with an inlet 10 leading into an inlet chamber 10A while the other B is provided with an outlet chamber 11 and an outlet 11A.

Inside of the housing, and clamped between suitable shoulders and abutments are the working parts of the pump which include an inlet cheek plate '12, an outlet cheek plate 13, and a ring 14, called by various names as pump ring, vane track or cam ring," the latter being the name hereinafter used.

Within the cam ring is a rotor mounted upon a shaft 15, in turn mounted in suitable bearings 16 and 17 fixed in the walls of the housing parts, and by means of which the rotor is turned and the pump operated.

The rotor comprises a metal disc '20 of a thickness substantially equal to the width of the cam ring 14 but sufficiently less to enable it to have a sliding fit between the cheek plates 12 and 13 between which the ring is clamped. In the edge of the disc 20 are provided a plurality of evenly spaced narrow slots in each of which is slidably carried a metal vane 21 and at the bottom of which is a passage 22 extending through the rotor disc in an axial direction.

As will be noted from Figure 2, the slots and vanes are arranged at an angle to the radii of the disc 20 and are slanted backward with respect to the direction of rotor rotation as indicated by the arrow.

Further, at the bottom of each slot, a small passage 23 leads inwardly to connect with a similar passage 24 opening to that face of the rotor disc 20 that is adja- 3 93 479 Patented May 3 1,

centthe inlet cheek plate 12. The passage 24, as indicated in .Fig. 2, is adjacent the central opening in the rotor and in position to register with arcuate slots 30 'in the inlet cheek plate 12. There are two of such slots shownto correspond to the two outlet zones of the pump.

,As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the cam ring 14is provided on its inner periphery with two diametrically opposite arcs. 31 of a radius only slightly greater than the radius of the rotor 20, and two'intermediate diametrically opposite arcs 32 of a much greater radius than that of the rotor. The arcs are connected by ramp portions providing for smooth transition from one are to the-next. These arcs 3-1 and 32 determine the limits of-movement of the vanes 21 in the slots. 1

'As shown in Figures 3 and 5, the slots 30 are connect- "ed through a small passage or conduit 30A to the outlet 33 of the fluid from, between the vanes, and alsoto a radially ar'rang'ed passage 34 leading to a valvecontrolled outlet -35'opening to the pump inlet chamber 10A. This valve 36 consists of a small plug having a pointed valve member coacting with the passage 35 carried upon the end of a larger valve body provided with an outlet passage 39.

There are, as shown, two of these valves 36 and both are biased toward closed position by means of an annu- "lar plate 38, shown as fulcrumed at 38A (Fig. 1') and resiliently pressed toward the check plate by means of a spring 38B carried at the end of an adjusting screw 39 'extendingthr'ough the wall of housing portion A.

The inlet cheek plate 12 is also provided with arcuate slots 40 which are continuations of passages 40A opening to the inlet chamber '10A'and these slots 40 are in suchradial location as to register with the rotorpas'sa'ges 22; that is, the bottom portions of the vane slots.

The slo't's40 are arranged diametrically opposite .and at the quadrants between them'the plate 12 'is provided with like size and shape chambers or depressions'41 which are connected through passages 42 to the outlet chambers 33 at the end thereof.

The fluid inlet to the rotor chamber is shown in Figures 2 and 7 as consisting of one or more passages drilled tangentially through the cam ring 14. In Figure 7, three of such passages 45 and 46 are shown, the passage 45 being a relatively large one while the two passages 46 are smaller. It is, of course, obvious that a single large passage may be used and such is indicated in Fig. 8 at 146.

In either case, the quantity of fluid entering will be determined by fixing over the outer ends of the passages a plate 47 provided with openings 48 of such size as to admit the quantity desired. Obviously, one or more of the openings 48 may be omitted. In the case of a single large opening 146 as in Figure 8, a plate 147 with a single opening 148 of any suitable size may be used.

As indicated in Figure 2, the vanes 21 in the present pump are provided at their ends with flat surfaces, the planes of the ends being normal to the planes of their faces, and as the vanes are tilted with respect to the inner wall of ring 14, only a corner of the vane will usually contact the ring, and this corner is beveled to present a larger wearing surface and also to reduce the area of the flat end.

As a consequence of this structure; that is, the fiat end on a tilted vane, when the vane is being subjected to fluid pressure on the rearward face, considerable of the pressure on the rearward face will be exerted endwise of the vane, tending to move it inwardly of its slot.

To overcome this tendency, the chambers 41 are so located that they register with the bottoms of the slots during such times, so that the inner ends of the vanes are subject to the full fluid pressure developed in the outlet chamber. During such periods therefore, the

about the point indicated at C (Fig. 2) to thepoint D,

it is drawing fluid in behind it and forcing fluid ahead of it. No pressure develops behind the vane until the next vane has passed the point Cthat is, until the next vane has proceeded beyond the inlet. During this period, a small amount of pressure under the vane is needed to maintain its-contact with the cam ring, but not nearly so much as is required later when there is high pressure on both faces of the vane. During this period, the passages 24 in the rotor register with the slots 30 in which fluid under full outlet pressure is admitted through the small conduits 30A, but from which fluid may escape through the valved openings 35. Through properly adjusted tension on the valves, the pressure in slots 30 may be fixed at any desired amount. r 1

It will be seen' from the above that during that portion of the rotor rotation when the vanes are subjected to the greatest pressure on their faces and have their greatest tendency to recede into the slots, they are held out against the ring by applying such pressure to the slots under the vanes, but a great part of such pressure is balanced, due to the exposure of a part of the outer end of the vane.

It should also be noted that except for those periods during the rotation when high pressureof the vanes against the vane track isnecessary, fluid pressure is applied to the vanes. slots only during the intake and this pressure is regulable and limited.

I claim:

In a fluid pump of the vane type comprising a pair of cheek plates having a cam ring therebetween enclosing a rotor chamber, a rotor in said chamber comprising a metal disc having in its edge portion a plurality of vane slots, vanes slidably carried therein and having their outer edges contacting said cam ring, said slots and vanes being inclined rearwardly with respect to the direction of rotation of said rotor, an inlet and outlet connected to said rotor chamber, passageways in said rotor leading to the inner .end portions of said vane slots, a plurality of short arcuate grooves formed in said cheek plates and registering with said passageways, certain of said grooves having conduit means leading therefrom to the inlet chamber and positioned to apply fluid at inlet pressure to the inner ends of the vanes to move the same outward as said vanes traverse said inlet to said rotor chamber, other of said grooves having conduit means leading therefrom to'the outlet from said chamber and being positioned withreferen'ce to the rotor chamber so as to apply fluid at discharge pressure to the inner ends of said vanes as said vanes traverse the outlet from said rotor chamber, and'still other of said grooves having conduit means connectingsaid grooves to the outlet of said chamber and additionally having passageways leading from said last mentioned grooves to the inlet chamber, said last mentioned grooves being positioned circumferentially intermediate said first two mentioned groups. of grooves and'communicating with the inner end of said vane slots during that portion of the rotation .of said rotor when the vanes are subjected to pumping pressures on.both the forward and rear faces thereof, a spring loaded valve in said last mentioned passageways opening toward the inlet chamber and means accessible from the outside of the pump for adjusting the spring loading.

References Cited in the tile of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 

